Desk cuatro Pairwise D
Pairwise comparison of Dest among V. destructor variants infesting A. cerana and A. mellifera colonies revealed significant differences after correction for multiple comparisons (Table 4). The Dest values among V. destructor K variants infesting A. cerana were moderate to high, ranging between 0.18 and 0.63. The estimates among V. destructor K and C variants infesting A. cerana and the variant infesting A. mellifera were higher overall, ranging between 0.60 and 0.89. J2-1 showed the highest pairwise Dest values when combined with most variants. 91).
est analysis among V. destructor variants infesting A. mellifera and A. cerana colonies. blog link Cell background color from blue to red correlates with increasing Dest estimate values. *** P < 0.001
Varroa destructor reproduction
Mites accumulated out-of An excellent. cerana regarding the Hangzhou area and you will utilized experimentally so you can infest employee and you may drone brood tissues out of one another host variety belonged in order to versions K1-1/2, K1-3, K1-5, K1-six, and you can K1-7. New projected amount of variants in this field try eight, having a 95% trust period out-of (6.step one, 19.6) into a few richness estimators calculated (to own information, pick Dining table S8). Many foundresses have been fruitful (81–100%, suggest ± s.d = 92.step one ± seven.8%) when apply An excellent. cerana drone brood, but only a third of those achieved reproductive achievement (we.e., brought at least one mated daughter) (Fig. 6). Only 1 of 100 and two of 119 recreated on the most other brood sizes, i.age., toward employee brood regarding An effective. cerana and you may A great. mellifera, correspondingly. One three mites brought a practical daughter (Fig. 6a). The fresh new haplotype of them around three some one is defined as K1-1/dos, and you may microsatellite investigation indicated that these types of mites belonged to the invasive mite population infesting A good. mellifera (Figs. cuatro, 5).
Part of Varroa destructor foundress mites in the place of and with reproductive triumph immediately after fresh infestation out of an employee and you can b drone brood of Apis cerana and Apis mellifera. The first server types of mites obtained getting experimental infestation and you will the new server species experimentally infested is indicated left off this new pubs. Number of individuals and you may territories plagued is conveyed on the right
The majority of mites (58–84%, mean ± s.d = 68.six ± a dozen.2%) amassed within the A great. mellifera territories have been fertile when wear brood of both machine variety and you may each other men and women, that have between twenty-five and you may 40% gaining reproductive success (Fig. 6). One or two mites compiled away from An effective. mellifera have been defined as K1-5 versions (Figs. 4, 5). These types of mites don’t replicate (Fig. 6a). The five mites used in an atypical servers was basically omitted away from the brand new dataset to possess modeling reproductive victory.
Lack versus density of reproductive success try ideal modeled when in addition to elements of the amazing host kinds and you can servers types into that your mites was in fact experimentally introduced. Both activities inspired reproductive incapacity somewhat (Desk S9). If communication between such items was experienced, new reproductive popularity of Good. cerana mites was decreased frequent when infesting one another computers opposed so you’re able to A. mellifera mites (Desk S9). The likelihood of profitable reproduction regarding A. mellifera mites are lower on the A great. mellifera than on totally new server, A good. cerana. Into the A beneficial. cerana mites, profits are not as likely toward A great. mellifera hosts than simply for the Good. cerana servers. In terms of simply cases where reproductive achievement try achieved (by mites coming from An excellent. mellifera in most kinds of brood by A. cerana mites in A good. cerana drone brood), this new proportion regarding foundresses being successful try best modeled because of the grounds of machine kinds plagued. A significantly higher proportion off mites reached achievements inside the Good. mellifera computers as compared to A great. cerana machines.